Pip’s picnic: follow the clues · teacher notes

Year 6 · 35 minutes · Explicit teaching model

Help Pip weigh fictional weather clues. Move the starting guess, clue reliability and number of clues; the probabilities update live.

Student paper journal · Interactive notebook · Editable Python

Preparation and access

Try the starting controls, save two runs and reopen a downloaded project. Print the student journal before class. If Python cannot load, use the supplied example below for a prediction and evidence critique; rerunning changed inputs requires the live or native notebook. Do not present paper discussion as a new model experiment. Draw, point or explain aloud. A partner or adult may record your words.

Teaching sequence

Start with 5–8 minutes of prediction, use about half the lesson for paired comparisons, then reserve at least 10 minutes for a counterexample and an individual explanation. Use “the teaching model updates a probability”, not “the computer feels worried”. Discuss why copying one cloud photograph three times does not create three independent clues.

Supplied starting example — reveal after prediction

Settings: {'prior': 0.5, 'reliability': 0.7, 'clues': 3, 'story': 0}

Pip is planning a picnic. After 3 clues, this teaching model gives rain probability 70.0%. It updates a number; it has no feelings.

clue p_rain evidence
0 0.5 Starting guess
1 0.7 Dark clouds support rain
2 0.844828 Dark clouds support rain
3 0.7 Clear sky supports dry weather

The table shows up to eight rows. Inspect the notebook for all values, controls and denominators.

Method and scope: Updated odds = previous odds × likelihood ratio. Clues are assumed independent given the weather; repeated copies of one clue would violate this assumption.

Assessment and feedback

Assess four criteria, each 0–2: testable prediction; comparison identifying what stayed fixed; accurate use of exact evidence; counterexample and limited conclusion. 0 means absent or contradicted by the record, 1 means partly supported, and 2 means clear and supported. A surprising result earns no penalty.

Beginning response: ‘The picture looks right.’ Ask for a particular case. Developing response: names one number without its setting. Ask what comparison supports it. Secure response: states the setting and measured change and separates the notebook's result from the source paper's claim. Extending response: authors or reserves a new case, tests an alternative explanation, and revises the claim if needed. These are marking examples, not pupil data.

Extension: Reverse the clue order and compare the final probability under the independence assumption.

Research connections and separate classroom tasks

Stanford Guest Lectures: AP293 (Fall 2025)

Read the source

System and data: Three interpretability lecture outlines

Method: Introduces causal abstraction, circuits and learning in context; a teaching guide rather than one dataset.

Task: Describe a clue, a guess and a test in different sentences. Use the linked notebook to make two observations. Draw or describe one result and one thing this activity cannot tell us about the source system.

Boundary: This entry reviews the article and lecture outlines, not a full transcription of the videos.

Belief Dynamics Reveal the Dual Nature of In-Context Learning and Activation Steering

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System and data: Many-shot context and activation-steering experiments

Method: Fits a Bayesian account that distinguishes likelihood updates from changes to priors; tests how context strength changes steering effects.

Task: Change the starting guess, then reveal the same clues. Use the linked notebook to make two observations. Draw or describe one result and one thing this activity cannot tell us about the source system.

Boundary: A fitted account of model behaviour does not establish that a model has human beliefs.

Priors in Time: Missing Inductive Biases for Language Model Interpretability

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System and data: Gemma-2-2B activations from Pile-Uncopyrighted

Method: Compares temporal feature analysis with ReLU, TopK and BatchTopK SAEs, testing predictable versus innovation components and event structure.

Task: Reveal story clues one at a time and record each change. Use the linked notebook to make two observations. Draw or describe one result and one thing this activity cannot tell us about the source system.

Boundary: Our Bayesian story model is explicit and hand-specified; it is not Temporal Feature Analysis applied to an LLM.

Reasoning Theater: Probing for Performative Chain-of-Thought

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System and data: DeepSeek-R1 families and GPT-OSS-120B on MMLU-Redux and GPQA-Diamond

Method: Trains context-pooling probes to forecast eventual answers during reasoning and evaluates early-exit token cost versus benchmark accuracy.

Task: An early guess can match a later answer and still be wrong. Use the linked notebook to make two observations. Draw or describe one result and one thing this activity cannot tell us about the source system.

Boundary: Savings depend on task and paper version; the Goodfire post and later arXiv revision report different percentages. Our trajectories are simulated.

Meandering on Manifolds: The Neural Geometry of Stories Over Time

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System and data: Llama 3.1 8B and SimpleStories

Method: Collects sentence-end activations, fits trajectories and compares emotional organisation with behavioural readouts and human valence/arousal judgements.

Task: Plot how clues about a fictional character change as the story unfolds. Use the linked notebook to make two observations. Draw or describe one result and one thing this activity cannot tell us about the source system.

Boundary: Representing a character's emotions does not mean the model has emotions. Classroom story probabilities are hand-specified.

Under the Hood of a Reasoning Model

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System and data: DeepSeek R1 671B on custom reasoning and OpenR1-Math data

Method: Trains two SAEs and studies feature activations and steering timing/strength; partial features do not expose a complete reasoning transcript.

Task: Change a clue at different times and observe whether the ending changes. Use the linked notebook to make two observations. Draw or describe one result and one thing this activity cannot tell us about the source system.

Boundary: An SAE reveals partial patterns, not a complete transcript of reasoning. Effects do not generalise automatically.

Independent Brightlab adaptations; no Goodfire endorsement or full reproduction claim. Source methods reviewed 7 September 2026. Curriculum connections are selected planning links; confirm your school syllabus.